Rough DRAFT

UN SDG Target Action Plan #82

Generate Continuous Renewable Electrical Energy from Steam Generated by Very Hot Water Geothermal Sources and Very Cold Water from Ocean Depths to Condense the Steam

(Updated January 23, 2023)

82. TAP 7

82.1. Introduction

82.1.1. Generate renewable electrical energy by circulating 570-580° F water from a geothermal well through a steam generator that boils a second water system into steam which drives a standard steam turbine with cold water from ocean depths used to condense the steam to create a vacuum with the condensate pumped back into the steam generator.

82.2. Purpose

82.2.1. Provide electrical energy 24/7 with no use of fossil fuel except in emergencies to restart the system with diesel generators or large batteries that are kept charged by the system through AC-DC motor generators.

82.3. Objectives

82.3.1. Target 7.1 ASAP, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services

82.3.2. Target 7.2 ASAP, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix

82.3.3. Target 7a ASAP, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology

82.3.4. Target 7.b ASAP, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States, and land-locked developing countries, in accordance with their respective programs of support

82.4. Actions

82.4.1. Develop a prototype system by

82.4.1.1. Contracting Ormat Technologies to dig a geothermal well to provide a continuous stream of 570-580° F clean water

82.4.1.2. Contracting Makai Technologies to work closely with Ormat Technologies to build a secondary steam generated powered electrical generator system with cold water from the ocean depths used to condense the exit steam and establish a vacuum with the condensate pumped back into the steam generator.

82.4.1.3. This system is similar to US Navy nuclear powered submarines and ships and is recommended that Makai and Ormat work closely with the Navy and utilize steam generators and water pumps from decommissioned nuclear submarines to save money

82.5. Background

82.5.1. This system is similar to Ocean Thermal Engineering Conversion (OTEC), a rapidly growing new technology but much more effective because water from geothermal wells can be as high as 570-580° F and the ocean surface temperature are no higher than 134.6

82.5.2. The most advanced project is the Makai Engineering working plant in in Kallua-Kona, Hawaii which is providing electricity to homes 24/7. Makai Engineering has significant experience working on OTEC, heat exchangers, deep water pipelines, down-the-slope polyethylene intake pipelines and suspended pipelines.

83. The below was taken from the Makai Engineering website which also has pictorial descriptions of how OTEC works and about their working plant.

83.1.1. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. OTEC plants pump large quantities of deep cold seawater and surface seawater to run a power cycle and produce electricity. OTEC is firm power (24/7), a clean energy source, environmentally sustainable and capable of providing massive levels of energy.

83.1.2. World heat sources, also called geothermal power described in Wikipedia has been in use for years and the efficiency is much higher than OTEC because the water from the geothermal well can be as high as 570-580° F the efficiency of OTEC plants is very low because the highest ocean surface temperature for OTEC plants is only 134° F.